Dependency Structure and Relation Grounding

About this pattern

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How to use this pattern

Read the ID, status, type, and normativity first. Use the content for exact wording, the relations for adjacent concepts, and citations to keep active work grounded without pasting the whole specification.

Type: Part B holonic construction pattern Status: Stable Normativity: Normative unless a section is explicitly informative

Use this pattern when an aggregation, architecture, assurance, or construction claim depends on how candidate parts, members, phases, portions, or external relations depend on each other.

Relations

B.1.1coordinates withMathematical Lens Use
B.1.1coordinates withEvidence Graph Referring (C-4)
B.1.1explicit referenceMathematical Lens Use
B.1.1explicit referenceEvidence Graph Referring (C-4)
B.1.1explicit referenceQuantum-Like Modeling Lens
B.1.1explicit referenceMulti‑View Publication Kit
B.1.1explicit referenceArchitecture Description Adequacy

Content

Use This When

Use this pattern when an aggregation, architecture, assurance, or construction claim depends on how candidate parts, members, phases, portions, or external relations depend on each other.

Typical moments:

  • a dependency diagram is used to justify a whole-level claim;
  • a graph mixes parthood, mapping, order, time, resource, and boundary-crossing relations;
  • a project needs to know whether a relation is part-whole, dependence, representation, influence, source use, publication use, or evidence relation;
  • a selected dependency structure will be expressed with a graph, table, matrix, or another mathematical or representation lens.

First useful move. Name the dependency relation under concern before choosing graph notation. Then decide whether it is part-whole, boundary crossing, order, temporal phase, resource, representation, evidence, publication use, source use, or another direct relation defined or tested by the applicable pattern.

What goes wrong if missed. A graph becomes the ontology; an edge named "depends on" carries many relation kinds at once; external influence becomes parthood; order and time are encoded as structure; and mathematical checks look precise while the relation being checked remains unclear.

What this buys. B.1.1 lets dependency material bear on B.1 aggregation without letting graph notation decide relation kinds.

Not this pattern when.

  • If the current relation word is a mereology question, use A.14.
  • If the current part-whole claim needs constructional grounding, use C.13.
  • If the current object is architecture selected structure, use A.22 and C.30.
  • If the current expression is mathematical-lens choice, use C.29.
  • If the current question is performed work, use A.15.1.

Problem Frame

B.1.1 separates dependency structure from graph representation.

A dependency structure can be ontology-side when a direct pattern has selected the relation under concern. A dependency graph is a mathematical or representation description of that selected relation structure. The graph may be useful, but it is not the holon, not the part-whole relation, and not the constructional grounding by itself.

Problem

Without B.1.1:

  1. Edge drift spreads. ComponentOf, a collection's belongs-to relation, PhaseOf, SerialStepOf, RepresentationOf, source use, evidence relation, and control relation all become generic graph edges.
  2. Boundary crossing becomes parthood. A power grid, supplier, teacher, measuring instrument, model, or source record is drawn as a part because it affects the holon.
  3. Design and run objects mix. Planned structure, design description, actual work occurrence, and telemetry are placed in one dependency expression without a DesignRunTag or a distinction among the patterns that define those claims.
  4. Acyclic graph discipline overclaims. A graph check says something about the drawing, but the ontology-side relation remains ungrounded.
  5. Mappings become parts. A digital twin, dashboard, diagram, or architecture description is treated as a constituent of the object it describes.

Forces

ForceTension
Visual clarity vs relation precisionGraphs make dependencies visible but tempt one-edge-fits-all modeling.
Part-whole locality vs external influenceExternal systems can influence, measure, transform, or supply a holon without becoming its parts.
Mathematical checks vs ontology-side groundingAcyclicity, cutsets, reachability, and flow checks help only after relation kinds are selected.
Design view vs run evidenceDesign-time dependency descriptions and run-time evidence often share labels but concern different subjects and require separate claims.

Solution

Use dependency structure first; use graph representation second.

Dependency Structure Frame

DependencyStructure@Context:
  dependencyQuestion:
  intendedUse?:
  claimScopeRef?: U.ClaimScope
  qualificationWindowRef?
  candidateNodeRefs:
  selectedDependencyStructureRef?
  dependencyRelationRefs:
  relationParticipantRefs:
  relationGroundingRefs:
  partWholeRelationRefs?
  boundaryCrossingRelationRefs?
  orderRelationRefs?
  temporalRelationRefs?
  resourceRelationRefs?
  representationRelationRefs?
  evidenceRelationRefs?
  publicationOrSourceUseRefs?
  designRunTag?
  definingOrTestingPatternRefs:

This frame is not a U-kind. It records the current relation claims, their exact participants, grounds and qualifications, the selected dependency structure when one is current, and the patterns that define or test those relations.

Graph Representation

Use graph language only when a graph is the selected mathematical or representation lens:

DependencyGraphRepresentation@Context:
  representedDependencyStructureRef:
  nodeExpression:
  edgeExpression:
  graphPropertyChecks?
  mathLensRef?
  publicationOrViewRef?

The graph may express acyclicity, reachability, cutsets, weak links, flow, or traceability. Those checks apply to the graph expression and bear on the selected relation only when the rule for that relation admits the mapping.

Relation Grounding Guide

If the edge means...Recover...Pattern that defines or tests the claim
part of the wholepart-whole relation over admitted holonsA.14, C.13, B.1
an entity belongs to a world-side collectionthe collection's own belongs-to occurrence, or a separately grounded collection-as-whole claimA.14, C.13, C.16, and the pattern that defines that collection's rule
phase of the same carriertemporal phase relationthe carrier's identity and phase rules, A.14, and B.1.4
ordered step or branchmethod, process-view, Work, or order relationA.3.1, A.3.2, A.15.1, or the pattern that defines the order relation; B.1.4, and C.29 when a lens is current
performed work partwork occurrence relation with evidence and timingA.15.1
external influence, signal, supply, measurement, or controlboundary-crossing relation or direct transformation, evidence, measurement, source-use, supply, or control relationA.1, A.3.4, A.10, C.26, or the pattern that defines the exact direct relation
representation, dashboard, digital twin, or architecture descriptiondescription or representation relation, not parthoodC.2.1, E.17, C.30.AD, C.30.AD.BA

Graph Checks Are Conditional

Acyclicity, topological order, cutset, reachability, and flow checks are useful only after the graph is selected as a lens over a selected relation structure.

Do not infer:

  • parthood from graph adjacency;
  • independence from graph separation without a rule that makes the selected relation support that inference;
  • performed work from a planned step graph;
  • whole reidentification from a graph property without B.2;
  • architecture from a graph without an exact described holon, selected structure, and architecture relation or claim.

Archetypal Grounding (Worked Cases)

Plant Supplier

Source graph: PowerGrid -> Plant.

If the edge means electricity supply, recover a boundary-crossing or supply relation. The power grid is not a plant part. Use part-whole relations only for admitted plant internals.

Digital Twin

Source graph: DigitalTwin -> Turbine.

If the edge means representation, recover the architecture-description, publication, source-use, evidence, or digital-twin relation. The digital twin is not a turbine component by graph adjacency.

Work Plan And Work Occurrence

Source graph: Prep -> Weld -> Paint.

If the graph describes a method or process view, use the patterns that define the method, description, and order claims. If it describes performed Work, use A.15.1 with occurrence identity, timing, evidence, and the exact Work relation. Do not let the same graph do both jobs.

Bias-Annotation

Bias riskFailureMitigation
Graph as ontologyA graph node or edge is treated as the in-life object or relation.Recover the dependency structure and the exact relations, then use the patterns that define or test them before graph expression.
One-edge-fits-alldepends on carries parthood, order, representation, source use, evidence, and influence at once.Split the relation kinds and name the pattern that defines or tests each one.
External influence as parthoodSupply, measurement, teaching, source use, or control is drawn as a component relation.Use the exact boundary-crossing, evidence, source-use, publication-use, transformation, supply, or control relation and its defining pattern.
Design-description and run-occurrence collapseA planned dependency graph is treated as evidence of performed work.Separate design description, work occurrence, and evidence relations.

Conformance Checklist

CheckRequirement
CC-B1.1-1A dependency claim names the relation kind before graph notation is relied on.
CC-B1.1-2Graph, matrix, table, or diagram wording is treated as a mathematical or representation expression unless an exact structure relation makes that expression the structure under concern.
CC-B1.1-3Part-whole edges use A.14 and C.13 discipline.
CC-B1.1-4Boundary-crossing, transformation, evidence, source-use, publication-use, and representation relations are not recast as parthood.
CC-B1.1-5Design description, run occurrence, and evidence are not mixed; the record names their separate patterns and uses a DesignRunTag or equivalent scope discipline when needed.
CC-B1.1-6Graph checks are interpreted only through the selected relation's defining or testing rule and C.29 when the mathematical lens is relied on for the current claim.

Common Anti-Patterns and How to Avoid Them

Anti-patternSymptomRepair
DependencyGraph as ontologyThe graph is treated as the thing being built.Name the dependency structure and exact relations first.
External supplier as partA supplier or infrastructure system is drawn inside the product.Use the exact boundary-crossing, supply, commitment, evidence, publication-use, source-use, or other direct relation; use parthood only for admitted parts. Use A.6.C only when the source's contract wording itself must be unpacked.
Mapping as parthoodA model, dashboard, or digital twin is a node inside the asset.Use the exact representation, publication, architecture-description, or evidence relation.
Order as componentA subsequent step is represented as a component of an earlier step.Use the pattern that defines the order, method, description, or Work-occurrence claim.
Acyclicity as adequacyThe graph has no cycles, so the model is accepted.Check whether the selected relation is grounded and whether graph checks answer the current concern.

Consequences

Positive consequences:

  • Dependency views become useful without becoming hidden ontology.
  • External influences can be discussed without corrupting parthood.
  • Graph checks keep their value and their limits.
  • B.1 aggregation receives cleaner part-whole inputs.

Costs:

  • A diagram alone is no longer enough; relation kinds and the patterns that define or test them must be named.
  • Some compact dependency graphs need multiple relation layers or views.
  • Graph-based checks may need C.29 when the mathematical lens is relied on.

Rationale

Dependency language is useful exactly because it is broad. That breadth is also the danger. FPF keeps the breadth for recognition, then restores precision by separating relation kinds, selected structures, mathematical expressions, and publication forms.

B.1.1 therefore does not abolish dependency graphs. It makes them honest: a graph represents a selected relation structure; each direct relation is grounded by the facts and rule that make it obtain.

SoTA-Echoing

Source linePractical implication for this pattern
Systems engineering dependency modelingDependency views are useful only when edge meaning is declared and traceable to the current engineering concern.
Graph theory and mathematical-lens practiceA graph property applies to the graph expression; it bears on the object only through an admitted mapping to the selected relation.
Applied ontology relation disciplinePart-whole, collection-specific belonging, representation, evidence, source-use, and influence relations have different admissibility conditions.
FPF design-description and run-occurrence distinctionA design dependency expression and a performed-Work occurrence use separate patterns and evidence.

Relations

  • Builds on: B.1, A.1, A.14, C.13, and A.6.5.
  • Coordinates with: A.15.1 for work occurrence, B.1.4 for contextual and temporal aggregation, C.29 for graph as mathematical lens, A.22 and C.30 for selected structure and architecture, C.30.AD and C.30.AD.BA for architecture description and digital-twin cases.
  • Can contribute evidence to: B.2 when dependency evidence bears on whole reidentification after existing-whole explanations fail.

B.1.1:End


Last Updated: 2026-09-10 — upstream FPF commit a87d0ef4 (github.com/ailev/FPF)